Desain dan Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Sistem Monitoring Energi Listrik Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Menggunakan ESP32

Jumari
Sholeha, Dewi
Sri Rezeki, Nani
Sinaga, Joslen
Tarigan, Kristian

Impression : Jurnal Teknologi dan Informasi
Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): November 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) pada materi energi listrik untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fisika dan literasi teknologi siswa sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK). Media ini memanfaatkan mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor PZEM-004T, dan aplikasi Blynk sebagai antarmuka pengguna dalam memantau serta mengontrol arus, tegangan, dan daya listrik secara real-time. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang mencakup lima tahap, yaitu Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis IoT memperoleh skor kelayakan rata-rata 89% (sangat layak) dari ahli materi dan 91% (sangat layak) dari ahli media. Uji coba terbatas dilakukan pada siswa kelas XI program keahlian Teknik Instalasi Tenaga Listrik di salah satu SMK di Medan, dan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman konsep energi listrik sebesar 32% berdasarkan hasil pretest dan posttest. Media ini juga mampu menumbuhkan kesadaran hemat energi serta memberikan pengalaman belajar kontekstual berbasis teknologi digital. This research aims to develop an interactive Internet of Things (IoT)-based learning medium for electrical energy to improve students' understanding of physics concepts and technological literacy in vocational high schools (SMK). This medium utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller, a PZEM-004T sensor, and the Blynk application as a user interface to monitor and control electrical current, voltage, and power in real time. The research method employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE development model, which includes five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Validation results indicate that the IoT-based learning medium achieved an average feasibility score of 89% (very feasible) from material experts and 91% (very feasible) from media experts. A limited trial was conducted on 11th-grade students in the Electrical Power Installation Engineering program at a vocational high school in Medan and demonstrated a 32% increase in understanding of electrical energy concepts based on pretest and posttest results. This medium also fosters awareness of energy conservation and provides a contextual learning experience based on digital technology.