ANALISA DAYA SAING KOPI INDONESIA DIANTARA BRAZIL, VIETNAM DAN KOLOMBIA

Hariri, Rif'an

Agricore: Jurnal Agribisnis dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Unpad
Vol 10, No 2 (2025): Agribisnis dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian

Abstrak Daya saing kopi selama beberapa tahun terakhir mengalami penurunan. Selain berdampak pada pendapatan negara penurunan daya saing ini menyebabkan keberadaan kopi Indonesia pada perdagangan internasional rawan tergantikan oleh Brazil, Vietnam, dan Kolombia di tingkat internasional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis posisi daya saing kopi Indonesia diantara Brazil, Vietnam, dan Kolombia. Metode yang digunakan adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symetris Comparative Advantae (RSCA), Export Competitiveness Indeks (ECI) dan Export Product Dynamics (EPD). Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari UN Comtrade pada periode 2016 hingga 2023 dan Badan Pusat Statistik. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa secara umum daya saing kopi Indonesia masih dibawah Brazil, Vietnam dan Kolombia. Kopi Indonesia yang mempunyai daya saing tergolong kuat hanya jenis kopi green bean tanpa dekafeinasi dan juga kopi olahan. Faktor kualitas dan kuantitas berpengaruh terhadap rendahnya daya saing kopi Indonesia dibandingkan dengan Brazil, Vietnam dan Kolombia. Untuk meningkatkan daya saing kopi Indonesia perlu berfokus pada peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas kopi.Kata kunci: kopi, daya saing, ekspor, impor. AbstractCoffee competitiveness has declined over the past few years. In addition to having an impact on state revenues, this decline in competitiveness has made the presence of Indonesian coffee in international trade vulnerable to being replaced by Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia at the international level. The purpose of this study is to analyze the position of Indonesian coffee competitiveness among Brazil, Vietnam, and Colombia. The methods used are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symetric Comparative Advantae (RSCA), Export Competitiveness Index (ECI) and Export Product Dynamica (EPD). The data used was obtained from UN Comtrade for the period 2016 to 2023 and the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results obtained show that in general, Indonesia's coffee competitiveness is still below Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia. Indonesian coffee that has strong competitiveness is only green bean coffee without decaffeination and processed coffee. Quality and quantity factors affect the low competitiveness of Indonesian coffee compared to Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia. To improve the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee, it is necessary to focus on improving the quality and quantity of coffee.Keywords: coffee, competitiveness, export, import.