<![CDATA[Surface roughness is a critical parameter that influences product quality in machining operations. According to ISO 1320–1987, surface roughness is characterized as the arithmetic mean deviation of surface irregularities from the nominal profile. In mechanical component manufacturing, controlling surface roughness is essential due to its relationship with friction, lubrication behavior, and wear performance. Tool geometry and cutting parameters are known to significantly affect surface texture quality. This study investigates the influence of depth of cut using a Sumitomo insert with a 1.2 mm nose radius on the surface roughness of S45C steel machined by CNC turning. An experimental procedure was adopted, using depth-of-cut variations of 0.3 mm up to 1.5 mm. The feed rate was set at 0.1 mm/rev and the spindle speed followed the constant surface speed mode (G96). Surface roughness values were measured with a stylus profilometer. The experimental results indicate that all tested depth-of-cut settings fall within roughness grade N7, except for the 0.3 mm depth of cut, which achieved grade N6.]]>
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