<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the transformation of the mathematics curriculum in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, developed by the New South Wales Education Standards Authority (NESA). A qualitative descriptive approach using document analysis was applied to examine the NESA K–12 mathematics syllabuses (2021–2024). The analysis covered four main dimensions: philosophical, structural, pedagogical, and evaluative. Findings reveal that the NESA mathematics curriculum reflects a humanistic-progressive philosophy, positioning mathematics as a means of logical and reflective reasoning through the Working Mathematically framework. The curriculum adopts a spiral and flexible structure, ensuring vertical continuity from Kindergarten to Stage 6 through differentiated pathways (Standard, Advanced, Life Skills, Extension 1–2, and Numeracy). Pedagogical implementation emphasizes inquiry-based, contextual, and technology-integrated learning, while the assessment system applies performance bands and evidence-based evaluation to ensure fairness and inclusivity. This model provides valuable insights for strengthening Indonesia’s Kurikulum Merdeka, fostering a reflective, inclusive, and competence-oriented mathematics education.]]>
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