Petra International journal of Business Studies (IJBS)
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER 2025

Understanding Patient Satisfaction Using SERVQUAL-Kano: The Moderating Role of Patient Trust and the Mediating Role of Waiting Time Tolerance

Rafelito Kharisma Rahardjo (Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Bali)
Desak Made Febri Purnama Sari (Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Bali)
Gede Sri Darma (Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Bali)
Putu Dyah Permatha Korry (Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Bali)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Dec 2025

Abstract

This study examines factors influencing patient satisfaction at private primary healthcare facilities (FKTP) in Bali, focusing on SERVQUAL dimensions, waiting time tolerance, patient trust, and Kano model attributes. Using a quantitative design and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) on data from 188 respondents, the study found that assurance and patient safety significantly influence patient satisfaction, while tangibility, reliability, empathy, and responsiveness did not show significant effects. Assurance and responsiveness positively influence waiting time tolerance, which itself positively influences satisfaction. Waiting time tolerance did not mediate the relationship between SERVQUAL dimensions and satisfaction. Patient trust did not directly influence patient satisfaction but negatively moderated the impact of tangibility on satisfaction. Kano model attributes – categorized as attractive, one-dimensional, and must-be – showed no significant direct effect on satisfaction, reflecting their asymmetric and non-linear nature. The findings suggest that private FKTP should prioritize maintaining high assurance and patient safety standards alongside attractive features such as 24-hour service and patient feedback systems. Integrating patient safety into the SERVQUAL framework is recommended in the healthcare sector. Future research should explore patient satisfaction through longitudinal and qualitative approaches to better capture the dynamic nature of healthcare service quality.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ijbs

Publisher

Subject

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Description

Petra IJBS (Petra International Journal of Business Studies, ISSN: 2621-6426) is a peer-reviewed journal published under the Master of Management program, Faculty of Economics, Petra Christian University (MM FE UKP). The journal serves as a vessel for exchanging business knowledge to scholars and ...