Histopathological and functional liver changes in diabetic rats intervened goat’s milk kefir and randu honey

Fikriana, Chika Nur
Ilmi, Ibnu Malkan Bakhrul
Hardiansyah, Angga

Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics)
2026: Just Accepted Manuscript and Article In Press 2026

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Kejadian diabetes secara global diperkirakan meningkat 19,74% pada tahun 2030, sehingga memerlukan intervensi yang komprehensif. Hiperglikemia kronis berpotensi menyebabkan komplikasi kerusakan jaringan pada organ hati yang bisa dipicu stres oksidatif. Kefir merupakan produk kaya antioksidan yang berpotensi mengurangi stres oksidatif pada penderita DM dengan kerusakan hati yang diindikasi oleh kadar AST dan ALT. Oleh karena itu, konsumsi kefir pada dosis tertentu berkontribusi pada perbaikan kerusakan jaringan hati. Tujuan: Mengamati perbedaan kadar AST, ALT, dan histopatologi hati pada tikus diabetes yang diintervensi kefir susu kambing yang dikombinasikan dengan madu randu. Metode: Studi klinis dengan desain pre-post test menggunakan 42 ekor tikus jantan Sprague dawley (120-150 g) yang diintervensi selama 21 hari. Sampel terdiri dari 6 kelompok yaitu Ks (kontrol sehat), KN (kontrol negatif), K1 (quercetin 15 mg/kg BB), K2 (metformin 62.5 mg/kg BB), P1 (Kefir 1.8 ml/200g BB), dan P2 (preventif). Fungsi hati diukur menggunakan metode spektrofotometri kinetik dan histopatologi menggunakan mikroskop. Kemudian analisis data menggunakan One Way ANOVA dan Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil: Pemberian kefir madu randu selama 21 hari menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan kadar ALT pre dan post test (p=0.001), dan menurunkan rerata ALT menjadi 31.22 ± 2,86 U/L pada kelompok P1, tetapi belum efektif menurunkan kadar AST (P=0.058). Terdapat hasil signifikan perbaikan kerusakan jaringan hati akibat penumpukan lemak pada kelompok P1 dan P2. Kesimpulan: Kefir madu randu menurunkan kadar ALT serta memperbaiki kerusakan jaringan hati akibat penumpukan lemak.   ABSTRACT Background: The prevalence of diabetes is projected to increase globally  by 19.74% by 2030, which necessitates comprehensive interventions. Chronic hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress contributes to hepatic tissue damage. Kefir is a product rich in antioxidants that has the potential to reduce oxidative stress in diabetic patients with liver damage as indicated by AST and ALT levels. Therefore, consuming kefir at certain doses contributes to the repair of liver tissue damage. Objectives: To observe the differences in AST, ALT levels, and liver histopathology in diabetic rats intervened with goat's milk kefir combined with randu honey. Methods: A clinical study with a pre-post test design using 42 male rats of the Sprague Dawley strain (120-150 g) was conducted for 21 days. The samples consisted of 6 groups: Ks (healthy control), KN (diabetic control), K1 (quercetin 15 mg/kg BW), K2 (metformin 62.5 mg/kg BW), P1 (Kefir 1.8 ml/200g BW), and P2 (preventive). Liver function was measured using the kinetic spectrophotometry method and histopathology using a microscope. Then analyze the data using One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis. Results: Administration of randu honey kefir for 21 days showed that there was a significant difference in ALT pre and post test (p=0.001), and reduced ALT levels to 31.22 ± 2.86 U/L in P1 group. There were significant results of improvement in liver tissue damage due to fat accumulation in the P1 and P2 groups. Conclusions: Randu honey kefir reduces ALT levels and repairs liver tissue damage due to fat accumulation.