<![CDATA[Supply chain complexity and uncertainty have increased significantly due to globalization, technological interdependence, and recent global disruptions. These conditions expose organizations to various risks that may negatively affect operational performance, resilience, and competitiveness. This study aims to analyze supply chain risks using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) as a systematic and structured risk assessment tool. A qualitative–quantitative research design was employed by identifying potential failure modes across supply chain processes, evaluating their severity, occurrence, and detectability, and calculating the Risk Priority Number (RPN). The analysis demonstrates that FMEA is effective in prioritizing critical risks and supporting decision-making for mitigation strategies. The findings indicate that supplier-related risks, process disruptions, and external shocks such as pandemics and geopolitical conflicts represent the most critical risk categories. Comparative analysis with previous studies confirms that modified and integrated FMEA approaches enhance risk visibility and mitigation effectiveness. This study contributes to the supply chain risk management literature by synthesizing empirical evidence from various industrial contexts and providing a structured framework applicable to both manufacturing and service industries. Practical implications include improved risk prioritization, enhanced supplier evaluation, and stronger organizational resilience.]]>
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