Berkala Arkeologi SANGKHAKALA
Vol 20 No 2 (2017)

IDENTIFIKASI BUDAYA PRASEJARAH DARI ARTEFAK DI SITUS BUKIT KERANG KAWAL DARAT

Ketut Wiradnyana (Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara)



Article Info

Publish Date
28 Nov 2017

Abstract

The limitedness of artifacts at Kawal Darat I shell-midden site, which only yield short axes, spatula, and pottery fragments with relatively young radio-carbon dates, has obstructed the effort to identify its culture. This is due to assumptions that have always related shell-midden sites to the activities of the bearers of the Hoabinhian culture. In this case, the culture was also characterized by the technology of pebble that were flaked on all sides, known as sumatraliths. The existence of shell-midden, which is assumed to be a part of the Hoabinhian culture with Basconian-typed artifacts, has caused a problem in identifying the site. Using inductive line of thought on the existence of material cultures found at archaeological sites bearing Sonviian, Hoabinhian, and Bacsonian artifacts in Southeast Asia and compare them with the data on the material cultures from Kawal Darat I shell-midden site, it can be interpreted that there had been a transformation of lithic tool technology, which initially originated from a type of technology called Sonviian, to Basconian. Bearing in mind that Hoabinhian has the most complete data among the three types of technology, it seems like the artifacts found at the Kawal Darat I shellmidden site were originated from the Hoabinhian Techno-Complex.Keterbatasan artefak di situs Bukit Kerang Kawal Darat I, yang hanya menghasilkan kapak pendek, spatula dan fragmen gerabah dengan hasil analisa karbon yang relatif muda, menyulitkan upaya mengidentifikasi budayanya. Hal tersebut disebabkan adanya asumsi yang selalu mengaitkan situs bukit kerang dengan sisa aktivitas pendukung budaya Hoabinh. Budaya dimaksud juga dicirikan dengan teknologi artefaktual berbahan kerakal yang dipangkas di seluruh sisi-sisinya yang dikenal dengan sebutan sumatralith. Keberadan bukit kerang yang diasumsikan sebagai bagian dari budaya Hoabinh dengan artefak temuan yang berciri Bacsonian tersebut menjadikan permasalahan dalam mengidentifikasi situs dimaksud. Dengan alur pemikiran induktif atas keberadaan budaya materi yang ditemukan di situs-situs arkeologi yang teknologinya berciri Sonviian, Hoabinhian dan Bacsonian di Asia Tengara, untuk dibandingkan dengan data budaya materi dari situs Bukit Kerang Kawal Darat I. Maka dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa telah terjadi perubahan teknologi alat litik, yang awalnya bersumber dari teknologi yang disebut Sonviian hingga Bacsonian. Mengingat Hoabinhian memiliki data yang paling lengkap dari ketiga ciri teknologi tersebut, maka artefak yang ditemukan di situs Bukit Kerang Kawal Darat I merupakan hasil dari Tekno Kompleks Hoabinh.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

SBA

Publisher

Subject

Arts Humanities

Description

"SANGKHAKALA" refers to the shell horns that blown regularly to convey certain messages. In accordance with the meaning, this journal expected to become an instrument in the dissemination of archaeological information to the public which is published on an ongoing basis. Berkala Arkeologi ...