<![CDATA[The Oro-Oro Dowo Market area in Malang City faces severe traffic congestion due to vehicle volumes exceeding road capacity and high side friction, with the Degree of Saturation (DS) on Brigjen Slamet Riyadi Street reaching over 0.8. In response, the Malang City Government implemented a One-Way System (SSA) to reduce the volume-to-capacity ratio and support the Car Free Day (CFD) program. However, this policy has led to a 30% decrease in market visitors due to inefficient detours and increased travel time. Analysis of four key intersections—Guntur, B.S. Riyadi, Buring, and Merbabu—identifies the B.S. Riyadi intersection as the critical congestion point. Results using the PKJI 2023 method show that during the afternoon peak hour, this intersection experiences its highest delay, exceeding 200 seconds/pcu, indicating a Level of Service (LOS) of F (saturated flow). These findings are validated by PTV Vissim microsimulation modeling, which shows delays over 100 seconds and an LOS of F. This significant difference occurs because PKJI 2023 uses static calculations based on an average empirical formula, while PTV Vissim uses microscopic simulations that dynamically model interactions between vehicles.]]>
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