<![CDATA[This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of herbal toothpaste formulations with the addition of betel leaf extract against Streptococcus mutans bacteria and to evaluate the physical characteristics of the preparation. The research method used was a laboratory experiment with variations in betel leaf extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% and four repetitions. The tests included phytochemical screening, disc diffusion antimicrobial activity tests, and evaluation of toothpaste preparations including pH, organoleptic, homogeneity, foam formation, and viscosity tests. The results showed that betel leaf extract positively contained triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, and alkaloids. The antimicrobial activity test of betel leaf extract showed an average inhibition zone of 16.4 mm (5%), 22.7 mm (10%), and 25.6 mm (15%). Evaluation of toothpaste preparations showed a pH value ranging from 8.04–8.42 (according to SNI 4.5–10.5 standards), semi-solid, homogeneous texture, the highest foam height of 20.6 mm at a concentration of 15%, and viscosity within the required range. The conclusion of this study is that the herbal toothpaste formulation with the addition of betel leaf herb has strong antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and meets the physical parameters of the preparation, so it has the potential to be developed as an alternative herbal toothpaste based on traditional ingredients.]]>
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