<![CDATA[Reading learning is the foundation in developing elementary school students' literacy skills. However, various challenges such as language difficulties, conventional teaching methods and limited infrastructure still hinder the effectiveness of the learning process. This research aims to analyze effective methods of early reading learning through a literature study of various reliable academic sources. The results identified three main approaches: (1) the Structural Analytic Synthetic (SAS) method which is effective for gradual letter and syllable recognition, (2) the Whole Language approach which emphasizes contextual understanding through meaningful activities, and (3) the technology-based 5W1H method which utilizes digital media in an effort to engage students. The study also found the use of multisensory (textured letter cards, embossed word puzzles) and school-family-community collaboration helped strengthen learning outcomes. The implications of these findings emphasize the importance of continuous teacher training, adequate budget allocation and the application of varied approaches according to students' needs. Thus, this study provides practical recommendations for educators and policy makers in improving the quality of the basic reading teaching process for primary school students.]]>
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