Jurnal Ekonomi Kuantitatif Terapan
Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 19, No. 1, Februari 2026 (pp.1-233)

The Impact Analysis of Green Bond Issuance on Carbon (CO2) Emissions: Green Finance Transformation in Developed and Developing Countries : Impact Analysis of Green Bond Issuance on Carbon (CO2) Emissions: Green Finance Transformation in Developed and Developing Countries

Wijianto (Program Magister Perencanaan Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia)
Prof. Telisa Aulia Falianty, S.E., M.E. (Professor of Monetary Economics, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
28 Feb 2026

Abstract

This study seeks evidence of whether the issuance of green bonds can affect carbon emissions in developed and developing countries. Identifying this link is crucial in reducing emissions and mitigating climate change. However, empirical evidence on the impact of green bonds is often limited because the data year series covers only a few years. Using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), the analysis in this study covered dynamic data from 16 countries between 2016 and 2021. The finding shows that the issuance of green bonds significantly impacted carbon emissions in both developed and developing countries. The more green bonds issued, the lower the carbon emissions. The results also show that green bond issuance in developed and developing countries differs. In developed countries, large investment-class issuers within the banking sector primarily benefit from greenium linked to green bonds. Meanwhile, developing countries face barriers to green bond development, including a lack of proper institutional arrangements, minimum volume requirements, and high transaction costs. Aside from addressing these barriers, the government must focus on improving facilities and infrastructure to increase the impact of issuing green bonds in order to transition to a green economy

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jekt

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Description

Jurnal Ekonomi Kuantitatif Terapan is a journal that is focused as an empirical means of publication of scientific papers with emphasis contents of the article on the use of quantitative analysis tools (econometrics, parametric and non-parametric statistics, descriptive statistics, input-output, ...