<![CDATA[Abstract The researcher’s study is entitled “A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRONIC AND CONVENTIONAL LAND CERTIFICATE ISSUANCE”. The purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of electronic and conventional land certificate issuance, analyze the similarities and differences between the two systems, and propose a model of issuance that is adaptive to the needs of society. The background of this study stems from the digitalization policy of land services by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN) through Ministerial Regulation No. 1 of 2021 on Electronic Certificates, which was later amended by Ministerial Regulation No. 3 of 2023 on the Issuance of Electronic Documents in Land Registration Activities. These regulations aim to create efficiency and legal certainty, yet still face challenges in infrastructure and public digital literacy. The research method used is normative juridical with statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were obtained through library research of laws and regulations, legal literature, and scientific studies related to the land registration system. The analysis was carried out qualitatively to assess the effectiveness, similarities, and differences between the two certificate issuance models. The results show that the electronic system is more efficient and administratively secure, while the conventional system is more accessible to communities in areas with limited network coverage and digital literacy. Based on this analysis, the study proposes a hybrid land certificate issuance model as a transitional solution that combines manual and digital mechanisms to ensure accessibility and legal certainty for all members of society. Keywords: Land Certificate; Electronic; Conventional; Effectiveness Abstrak Penelitian peneliti berjudul “STUDI KOMPARATIF EFEKTIVITAS PENERBITAN SERTIPIKAT TANAH BERBASIS ELEKTRONIK DAN BERBASIS KONVENSIONAL”. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan efektivitas penerbitan sertipikat tanah berbasis elektronik dan berbasis konvensional, menganalisis persamaan dan perbedaan kedua sistem penerbitan, serta memberikan tawaran model sistem penerbitan yang adaptif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari kebijakan digitalisasi layanan pertanahan oleh Kementerian ATR/BPN melalui Peraturan Menteri ATR/BPN No. 1 Tahun 2021 tentang Sertipikat Elektronik yang diubah menjadi Peraturan Menteri ATR/BPN No. 3 Tahun 2023 tentang Penerbitan Dokumen Elektronik dalam Kegiatan Pendaftaran Tanah, yang bertujuan menciptakan efisiensi dan kepastian hukum namun masih menghadapi kendala infrastruktur serta literasi digital masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum, dan hasil penelitian ilmiah terkait sistem pertanahan. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif untuk menilai efektivitas, kesamaan, dan perbedaan kedua model penerbitan sertipikat tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem elektronik lebih efisien dan aman secara administratif, sedangkan sistem konvensional lebih mudah diakses oleh masyarakat di wilayah dengan keterbatasan jaringan dan literasi digital. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, penelitian ini menawarkan model penerbitan sertipikat tanah Hibrida sebagai solusi transisi yang menggabungkan mekanisme manual dan digital untuk menjamin aksesibilitas serta kepastian hukum bagi seluruh masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Sertipikat Tanah; Elektronik; Konvensional; Efektivitas]]>
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