Media Farmasi : Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi (Journal Of Pharmaceutical Science)
Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): March 2026

Computational Design of Multi-Epitope Vaccine Candidates Targeting Reelin-Mediated Brain Metastases in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Tirta Setiawan (Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, Indonesia)
Meezan Ardhanu Asagabaldan (Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, Indonesia)
Mika alvionita (Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Mar 2026

Abstract

Brain metastases represent a critical clinical challenge in HER2-positive breast cancer (HER2+ BC), accounting for a disproportionately high share of disease-related mortality. Emerging evidence implicates Reelin protein (RELN) overexpression in facilitating blood-brain barrier penetration and cerebral colonization by HER2+ tumor cells, positioning RELN as a mechanistically relevant vaccine target. However, no prior studies have explored RELN-derived epitopes as vaccine candidates for this indication. Using an integrated immunoinformatic approach combining the Kolaskar-Tongaonkar antigenicity algorithm, ElliPro conformational epitope prediction, and NetCTL 1.2 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) prediction. We systematically characterized the epitope landscape of the RELN RR5-6 domain (725 residues; GenBank ID: 291463430). We identified twenty linear B-cell epitopes, four conformational B-cell epitopes (highest PI score: 0.999), and eleven CTL epitopes with prediction scores exceeding 0.75. Molecular docking of all CTL epitopes against HLA-A*02:01 (MHC class I) via PatchDock and FireDock yielded global binding energies ranging from −17.16 to −54.19 kcal/mol; CTL-epitope1 (47EEDSAMVFV55) demonstrated the most favorable binding energy (−54.19 kcal/mol), with critical interactions mediated by MHC residues Q155 and T73. Seven epitopes overlapped between B-cell and CTL predictions, suggesting potential for multi-arm immune activation. These findings provide a computational framework to prioritize RELN-derived candidates for in vitro and in vivo experimental validation, with translational implications for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination strategies in HER2+ breast cancer brain metastases.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

Media-Farmasi

Publisher

Subject

Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology

Description

Media Farmasi is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Media Farmasi published two times a year, namely in March and September since 2002 with ISSN 1412-7946 and e-ISSN 2503-5223. The article published in the Journal ...