Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March

Theoretical Model of Intelligence Integration to Improve Self-Directed Learning in Mathematics in the 21st Century

Hasibuan, Ainul Marhamah (Unknown)
Pulungan, Syahrina Anisa (Unknown)
Ramadhani, Ramadhani (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Mar 2026

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of the Theoretical Model of Intelligence Integration in improving students’ self-directed learning in 21st-century mathematics education. The research addresses the problem that many students remain dependent on teacher guidance and have limited ability to regulate their own learning processes. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate whether integrating intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence can strengthen students’ self-directed learning in mathematics. A quantitative approach using a true experimental posttest-only control group design was applied, involving 120 eighth-grade students divided equally into experimental and control groups through cluster random sampling. The experimental group received instruction based on the integration of multiple intelligences through stages of contextual problem orientation, self-awareness reflection, strategic problem solving, collaborative discussion, and reflective evaluation, while the control group received conventional instruction. Data were collected using a validated self-directed learning questionnaire measuring awareness, learning strategies, learning activities, evaluation, and interpersonal skills. Hypothesis testing used descriptive statistics, regression, and correlation analysis. The results show a substantial difference between groups and a strong regression effect (R² = 0.823), indicating that the model significantly improves students’ learning autonomy and provides a holistic framework for strengthening self-regulation in mathematics learning.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

misro

Publisher

Subject

Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences

Description

The Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion (MISRO) is a peer-reviewed scholarly online journal. The MISRO is published in March, July, and November three times a year. The MISRO is a non-profit journal whose publication is free of charge. The articles should be original, ...