Indonesian Journal of Cancer
Vol 20, No 1 (2026): March

Factors That Influence Endometriosis to Become a Malignancy: A Narrative Review

Kusuma, Fitriyadi (Unknown)
Masrie, Marshaly Safira (Unknown)
Suryoadji, Kemal Akbar (Unknown)

Article Info

Publish Date
31 Mar 2026

Abstract

Endometriosis frequently affects women of reproductive age, and epidemiologic studies suggest it may be linked to an elevated risk of malignancy. Specific histopathological criteria characterise endometriosis-associated malignancy (EAM). Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) accounts for about 80% of EAM occurrences, with the remaining 20% occurring outside the ovaries. Genetic mutations, including PTEN, ARID1A, and p53 alterations, are identified in endometriosis and EAM. Factors such as postmenopausal status, older age, and hypoestrogenic conditions have also been linked to higher risks of EAM and EAOC. Due to EAM's rarity, comprehensive data remains limited. This review examines current EAM research, focusing on EAOC and its clinical relevance.

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Journal Info
Indonesian Journal of Cancer
Website

Abbrev

ijoc

Publisher

National Cancer Center-Dharmais Cancer Hospital

Subject

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Description

Indonesian Journal of Cancer is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal. This journal is published quarterly (in March, June, September, and December) by Dharmais Cancer Hospital - National Cancer Center. Submissions are reviewed under a broad scope of topics relevant to experimental and clinical ...