Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology
Vol 31, No 1 (2026)

Decolorization of naphthol batik effluents using immobilized enzyme of Aspergillus sp. GPN and zeolite‐activated carbon in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)

Dewi, Ratna Stia (Unknown)
Ramadani, Putri (Unknown)
Aziz, Saefuddin (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Mar 2026

Abstract

Industrial batik wastewater containing naphthol dyes is persistent, dark in color, and contains complex organic compounds that have the potential to pollute aquatic environments. Conventional physicochemical treatment methods are often ineffective in degrading resistant aromatic compounds and involve high operational costs, thus necessitating alternative approaches that are more environmentally friendly and sustainable. This study evaluates the effectiveness of extracellular enzymes from Aspergillus sp. immobilized in a chitosan matrix, combined with a zeolite‐activated carbon adsorbent medium, in the decolorization of naphthol dye wastewater in a treatment system using a wastewater treatment plant. The enzymes were obtained from liquid cultures and subsequently immobilized using an encapsulation method in chitosan beads. The treatment process was conducted over 72 hours of incubation, with observations of the percentage of dye decolorization. The results show that the combination of immobilized enzymes and zeolite‐activated carbon provides a significant increase in decolorization efficiency compared to single treatments. The highest decolorization was obtained in black‐blue naphthol waste, with an efficiency of 86.94% after 72 hours of incubation. These findings indicate that a combination system of immobilized biocatalysts and adsorbents has the potential to become a more stable and effective alternative technology for batik waste treatment. The approach opens up opportunities for the development of more applicable and sustainable enzyme‐based waste treatment systems on an industrial scale.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

ijbiotech

Publisher

Subject

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Description

The Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (IJBiotech) is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of novel research in all aspects of biotechnology, with particular attention paid to the exploration and development of natural products derived from ...