<![CDATA[This research presents a novel approach to MFCs by utilizing carbon anodes coated with nanofibers through the electrospinning technique, incorporating PVA and CQDs as functional components. The MFC experiments involved two electrogenic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, using sugarcane juice as the substrate. Characterization tests, such as SEM, FTIR, and UV–Vis, verified the incorporation of CQDs and bacteria into the nanofiber structure. Electrochemical analyses, including CV and EIS, revealed a notable decrease in charge transfer resistance and an improvement in electron kinetics, especially with B. subtilis. The MFC based on B. subtilis showed superior performance, achieving a maximum power density of 1754 mW/m² on the fourth day, which is about 3.5 times greater than the E. coli system, which only reached 491 mW/m². The enhanced performance of B. subtilis is credited to its capability to form a strong biofilm on the nanocomposite anode surface, promoting direct electron transfer, and its metabolic pathways that aid in the production of redox metabolites. The findings highlight the potential of nanofiber–coated carbon anodes and the superiority of B. subtilis as an electrogenic bacterium for enhancing MFC performance and advancing sustainable energy production from organic waste.]]>
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