<![CDATA[Background: The ethanolic extract of Murraya paniculata leaves is known to be rich in flavonoids and coumarins but faces significant challenges in solubility and stability for modern pharmaceutical applications. To address these limitations, a macroemulsion system was selected as a delivery vehicle capable of accommodating both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds. Objective: This study aimed to determine the optimal formulation and perform comprehensive characterization of macroemulsions containing Murraya paniculata ethanolic leaf extract. Methods: The extract was obtained via maceration with 96% ethanol for 3×24 hours, followed by vacuum evaporation. Four formulations (F1–F4) were prepared using varying ratios of virgin coconut oil (VCO), Tween 80, PEG 400, and water. Characterization included phytochemical screening, organoleptic evaluation, emulsion type determination, percent transmittance, particle size and polydispersity index, pH, zeta potential, and physical stability tests. Results: The extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins/phenolics, and triterpenoids. All formulations were classified as oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. Formulation F2 exhibited the highest percent transmittance (90.0%), the lowest polydispersity index (0.050), homogeneous droplet size (d50 ≈ 1.9 µm), optimal pH (6), and a zeta potential of +15.7 mV. Conclusions: Formulation F2 is the optimal macroemulsion candidate for Murraya paniculata leaf extract, offering superior homogeneous particle distribution, and physicochemical stability. Future development should focus on enhancing zeta potential, pH buffering, and bioavailability studies.]]>
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