<![CDATA[Gel asap cair tempurung kelapa merupakan produk turunan biomassa alami hasil pirolisis tempurung kelapa yang mengandung senyawa fenolik, asam organik, dan karbonil, sehingga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai alternatif bahan irigasi saluran akar. Namun, informasi mengenai biokompatibilitas gel asap cair tempurung kelapa terhadap jaringan periodontal masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sitotoksisitas gel asap cair tempurung kelapa (CS-LS) terhadap sel ligamen periodontal (PDL cells) menggunakan metode MTT assay. Penelitian eksperimental in vitro ini melibatkan tujuh kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol media, kontrol sel, kontrol positif NaOCl 5,25%, serta gel CS-LS pada konsentrasi 6,25%; 12,5%; 50%; 75%; dan 100%, masing-masing dengan lima replikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok kontrol media memiliki rerata nilai absorbansi sebesar 0,3878 ± 0,0053, kontrol sel sebesar 1,4226 ± 0,1390, dan kontrol positif NaOCl 5,25% sebesar 0,3912 ± 0,0098. Pada kelompok perlakuan gel CS-LS, konsentrasi 6,25% menunjukkan rerata absorbansi sebesar 1,0854 ± 0,1388, konsentrasi 12,5% sebesar 0,7148 ± 0,1201, konsentrasi 50% sebesar 0,4406 ± 0,0068, konsentrasi 75% sebesar 0,4544 ± 0,0133, dan konsentrasi 100% sebesar 0,4610 ± 0,0122. Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok perlakuan (p < 0,05). Gel CS-LS konsentrasi 6,25% mempertahankan viabilitas sel tertinggi dan tergolong tidak sitotoksik berdasarkan kriteria ISO (viabilitas ≥ 70% menurut ISO 10993-5), sedangkan peningkatan konsentrasi menyebabkan penurunan viabilitas sel secara bertahap dan bersifat dosis-dependen. Disimpulkan bahwa gel asap cair tempurung kelapa pada konsentrasi rendah memiliki biokompatibilitas yang baik terhadap sel ligamen periodontal dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai alternatif bahan irigasi saluran akar, sementara peningkatan konsentrasi menunjukkan efek sitotoksik. In Vitro Study of Cytotoxicity Test of Liquid Coconut Shell Smoke Gel on Periodontal Ligament Cells as Root Canal Treatment Material Using MTT Assay Method Abstract Coconut shell liquid smoke gel is a natural biomass-derived product obtained through the pyrolysis of coconut shells and contains phenolic compounds, organic acids, and carbonyls, making it a potential alternative root canal irrigant. However, information regarding the biocompatibility of coconut shell liquid smoke gel with periodontal tissues remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of coconut shell liquid smoke gel (CS-LS) on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells using the MTT assay. This in vitro experimental study involved seven treatment groups, namely media control, cell control, positive control (5.25% sodium hypochlorite), and CS-LS gel at concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, with five replicates in each group. The results showed that the media control group exhibited a mean absorbance value of 0.3878 ± 0.0053, the cell control group 1.4226 ± 0.1390, and the positive control group (5.25% sodium hypochlorite) 0.3912 ± 0.0098. In the CS-LS treatment groups, mean absorbance values were 1.0854 ± 0.1388 at 6.25%, 0.7148 ± 0.1201 at 12.5%, 0.4406 ± 0.0068 at 50%, 0.4544 ± 0.0133 at 75%, and 0.4610 ± 0.0122 at 100%. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among treatment groups (p < 0.05). The CS-LS gel at a concentration of 6.25% maintained the highest cell viability and was classified as non-cytotoxic according to ISO criteria (viability ≥ 70%, based on ISO 10993-5), whereas increasing concentrations resulted in a gradual, dose-dependent reduction in cell viability. In conclusion, coconut shell liquid smoke gel at low concentrations demonstrates good biocompatibility with periodontal ligament cells and shows potential as an alternative root canal irrigant, while higher concentrations exhibit cytotoxic effects.]]>
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