Health and Technology Journal (HTECHJ)
Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): April 2026

The Effectiveness of Beethoven's Classical Music Therapy (Violin) in Reducing Anxiety in Pregnant Women

Kanata (Undergraduate Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Technology, Science and Health, Dr. Soepraoen Hospital, Malang, Indonesia)
Raden Maria Veronika Widiatrilupi (Undergraduate Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Technology, Science and Health, Dr. Soepraoen Hospital, Malang, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
18 Apr 2026

Abstract

Anxiety during pregnancy is a common psychological condition that can negatively affect maternal well-being and pregnancy outcomes. Safe and accessible non-pharmacological interventions are therefore needed to help manage maternal anxiety. Music therapy, particularly classical music, has been suggested as a potential method to promote relaxation and emotional regulation. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Beethoven’s classical violin music in reducing anxiety levels among pregnant women. A pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted among 30 pregnant women attending antenatal care at a community health center. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) before and after a 15-minute intervention of listening to Beethoven’s classical violin music. Differences in anxiety scores before and after the intervention were analyzed using a paired sample t-test. The findings demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety levels following the music intervention. The mean anxiety score decreased significantly after participants listened to Beethoven’s classical violin music (t(29) = 12.819, p < 0.001). Descriptive analysis indicated that most participants experienced a reduction in anxiety severity, shifting from moderate to mild anxiety levels. Listening to Beethoven’s classical violin music significantly reduced anxiety among pregnant women. This intervention is simple, safe, inexpensive, and free from pharmacological side effects, making it a feasible complementary strategy to support psychological well-being in antenatal care settings.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

htechj

Publisher

Subject

Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

Description

Health and Technology Journal (HTECHJ) is peer-reviewed and open access international journal which published by KHD Production, to accommodate researchers and health practitioners publishing their scientific articles. NHSJ accepts original papers, review articles, short communications, case reports ...