JSES : Journal of Sport and Exercise Science
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): March

Binaural Beats as Digital Drugs: Assessing Awareness and Usage Patterns in Nigerian Sports Communities

Olowoleni, Victor Ben (Unknown)
Adegbesan, Olufemi Adegbola (Unknown)
Ayodele, Kolade Babatunde (Unknown)
Okundare, Ayobami Alade (Unknown)
Okanlawon, Ayobami Joseph (Unknown)
Oshadare, Deborah (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Apr 2026

Abstract

Purpose: The emergence of digital drugs (binaural beats) presents a novel and under-researched challenge within sports, particularly in contexts like Nigeria where psychological support structures are often underdeveloped. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness, sources of information, and usage patterns of digital drugs among Nigerian sports personnel (athletes, coaches, medical staff) and to examine the relationship between awareness and indicators of addiction-like behaviour. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was employed, with data collected from 297 personnel via a validated questionnaire (α=.89). Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, one-way ANOVA, and chi-square tests.   Result: Findings revealed a critical knowledge deficit: only 28.6% of respondents were familiar with the term "binaural beats," and 12.8% reported usage. Crucially, no significant relationship was found between awareness levels and addictive behaviour (r = -0.028, p = 0.627). Dependence on informal information sources (e.g., social media, peers) was high and consistent across all professional categories (p > 0.05), indicating a systemic issue. Conclusion: The study identifies a widespread and systemic vulnerability to digital psychoactive aids within the Nigerian sports ecosystem.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jses

Publisher

Subject

Health Professions

Description

JSES is available for free (open access) to all readers. The articles in JSES include developments and researches in Sports and Exercise Sciences (theoretical studies, experiments, and its applications), Including: Strength and Conditioning Sports Coaching Sports Biomechanics Sports Physiology ...