Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika
Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)

Prediksi Curah Hujan Bulanan Sumatera Utara Menggunakan Model SARIMA

Haliza, Putri Yusra (Unknown)
Auta Shintha Sarah (Unknown)
Didi Febrian (Unknown)
Novel W.M.Simanjuntak (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Apr 2026

Abstract

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan dalam rangka memprediksi curah hujan bulanan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara dengan model Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA). Curah hujan di wilayah ini menunjukkan fluktuasi yang tinggi dengan pola musiman, sehingga diperlukan pemodelan yang mampu menangkap karakteristik tersebut. Data yang dipergunakan berupa curah hujan bulanan periode Januari 2016 hingga Januari 2026 yang dianalisis menggunakan Python. Tahapan penelitian meliputi visualisasi data, uji stasioneritas dengan Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), differencing untuk mencapai kondisi stasioner, identifikasi model melalui plot ACF dan PACF, uji signifikansi parameter, serta diagnosis residual menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk dan Box-Ljung. Pemilihan model terbaik dilakukan menurut nilai Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) dan evaluasi akurasi menggunakan Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwasanya model SARIMA(0,1,1)(1,0,1)¹² merupakan model terbaik dengan nilai AIC terkecil sebesar 1258,5816 dan MAPE sebesar 26,63%. Prediksi periode Februari 2026 hingga Desember 2027 mengindikasikan pola musiman yang konsisten, dengan curah hujan lebih rendah pada pertengahan tahun dan meningkat pada akhir tahun, terutama bulan November. This investigation purposes to predict monthly rainfall in North Sumatra Province using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. Rainfall variability in this region shows a clear seasonal pattern, making accurate prediction important for climate-related planning and mitigation. The data utilized were monthly rainfall reanalysis data from January 2016 to January 2026, processed and analyzed using Python. The modeling procedure included rainfall visualization, stationarity testing with the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, differencing to achieve stationarity, model identification through ACF and PACF plots, parameter significance testing, and residual diagnostics using Shapiro-Wilk and Box-Ljung tests. Model selection was according to the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and forecasting accuracy was evaluated using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The results indicate that SARIMA(0,1,1)(1,0,1)¹² is the best model, with significant parameters, residuals satisfying normality and white noise assumptions, and the smallest AIC value (1258.5816). The model achieved a MAPE of 26.63%, indicating a fairly good forecasting performance. Forecast results for February 2026 to December 2027 show consistent seasonal fluctuations, with lower rainfall in mid-year and higher rainfall toward the end of the year, especially in November.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

Konvergensi

Publisher

Subject

Mathematics

Description

Fuzzy Systems and its Applications Geometry Theories and its Applications Graph Theories and its Applications Real Analysis and its Applications Operation Research and its Applications Statistical Theories and its Applications Dinamical Systems and its Applications Mathematical Modeling and its ...