<![CDATA[Penelitian ini menganalisis dinamika pergeseran fungsi surat kabar Asia Raya selama masa pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia (1942-1945), dari instrumen propaganda militer menjadi medium artikulasi nasionalisme. Fokus utama kajian ini adalah mengeksplorasi bagaimana agen lokal khususnya jurnalis nasionalisme seperti B.M. Diah dan Rasihon Anwar menavigasi struktur sensor ketat Sendenbu untuk menyisipkan agenda kemerdekaan. Dengan metode penelitian sejarah yang meliputi heuristik,kiritk,interpretasi, dan historiografi, penelitian ini membedah data primer berupa arsip digital dan fisik surat kabar Asia Raya. Analisis dilakukan dengan menerapkan teori strukturasi Anthony Ghidens, khususnya melalui model stratiikasi tindakan dan konsep dualitas struktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Jepang memanfaatkan Asia Raya sebagai alat hegemoni melalui teknik propaganda bandwagon, glittering generalities dan transfer untuk melegitimasi kekuasaan serta mobilisasi massa. Namun, para jurnalis nasionalis mengoperasikan kesadaran praktis (practical consciousness) dengan memanfaatkan kebijakan bahasa Indonesia dan rubrik kebudayaan sebagai celah strategis. Melalui kacamata teknik “bahasa Aesopian”, penggunaan metafora dalam karya sastra menjadi instrumen strategis bagi para agen untuk menyamarkan kritik sekaligus reinterpretasi makna yang membangkitkan kesadaran identitas nasional. Simpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa Asia Raya bukan sekadar entitas pasif dalam kendali militer, melainkan ruang dialektika yang menjadi "sekolah perjuangan" bagi lahirnya pers nasional pasca-proklamasi melalui pendirian harian Merdeka. Kata Kunci: Asia Raya; Propaganda Jepang; Nasionalisme; Teori Strukturasi.AbstractThis study examines the dynamics of the shifting function of the Asia Raya newspaper during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia (1942-1945), from an instrument of military propaganda to a medium for the articulation of nationalism. The main focus of this study is to explore the strategies of local agents, especially nationalist journalists such as B.M. Diah and Rasihon Anwar, in navigating the strict censorship structure of the Sendenbu to insert an independence agenda. Using historical research methods including heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography, this study dissects primary data in the form of digital and physical archives of the Asia Raya newspaper. The analysis is conducted by applying Anthony Ghidens' structuration theory, particularly through the stratification of action model and the concept of duality of structure. The results show that Japan utilized Asia Raya as a tool of hegemony through bandwagon propaganda techniques, glittering generalities, transfers, and so on to legitimize power and mass mobilization. However, nationalist journalists operated with practical consciousness by exploiting the Indonesian language policy and cultural columns as strategic gaps. Through the lens of Aesopian linguistic techniques, the use of metaphors in literary works became strategic instruments for agents to disguise criticism and reinterpret meanings that raised awareness of national identity. The conclusion of this study confirms that Greater Asia was not merely a passive entity under military control, but rather a dialectical space that became a "school of struggle" for the birth of the national press after the proclamation through the establishment of the daily Merdeka.Keywords: Asia Raya; Japanese Propaganda; Nationalism; Structuration Theory.]]>
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