Journal of Finance, Economics, and Business
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Finance, Economics, and Business (JFEB), 2026

Integrated Reality Theory (IRT) as a Processual-Relational Integrative Framework: Synthesis, Novelties, and Methodological Implications

Shoim, M (Unknown)
Mujanah, Siti (Unknown)
Halik, Abdul (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
13 May 2026

Abstract

This article examines Integrated Reality Theory (IRT) as a cross-disciplinary synthesis effort to answer the fragmentation of modern knowledge. With a conceptual-comparative approach, this article puts IRT in dialogue with critical realism, general systems theory, and the science of complexity. The results of the analysis show that IRT has novelty in integrating processual ontology, relationalism, critical realism, and the formalization of five main variables—energy, information, entropy, consciousness, and evolution—into a dynamic model that is operational. However, the validity of constructs, especially on the variables of consciousness and evolution, is still a major challenge. This article concludes that IRT has the potential to be a useful analytical framework for the study of states, organizations, and social change, but it still requires further empirical testing.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

feb

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences

Description

Journal of Finance, Economics, and Business (JFEB) is a journal that publishes scientific articles in the fields of economics, finance, and business with focus areas on the Asia-Pacific region. The Journal of Finance, Economics, and Business (JFEB) is published online twice a year in May and ...