Efek Nefroprotektif Ekstrak Daun Kersen pada Tikus Model Nefrotoksisitas: Analisis Biokimia, Histopatologi, Antioksidan, dan Sitokin

Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis (PUI Phyto Degenerative & Lifestyle Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Razoki Razoki (PUI Phyto Degenerative & Lifestyle Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Novitaria Br. Sembiring (PUI Phyto Degenerative & Lifestyle Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Nina Nurdiana Hasibuan (Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Miranda Simanjuntak (Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Rikki DP Turnip (Universitas Prima Indonesia)
Gabriella Tarigan (Universitas Prima Indonesia)

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
JPS Volume 9 Nomor 2 (2026)

Background: Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity is closely associated with oxidative stress and inflammation that lead to renal damage. Natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are potential nephroprotective agents. Muntingia calabura L. leaves are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Muntingia calabura L. leaf ethanol extract in a gentamicin-induced rat model. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal control, negative control (gentamicin), and treatment groups receiving extract doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW. Renal function, inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant activity, and histopathological changes were evaluated. Results: The extract demonstrated dose-dependent nephroprotective activity, with the 400 mg/kgBW dose showing the most optimal effect in improving renal function, reducing inflammatory responses, and preserving kidney histological structure. Conclusion: Muntingia calabura L. leaf extract exhibits nephroprotective potential through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, supporting its development as a natural therapeutic candidate.