Journal of Management and Leadership
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 9, No. 1, May 2026

DETERMINANTS OF OUTSOURCED EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: THE ROLES OF SUPERVISORY LEADERSHIP STYLE, WORK DISCIPLINE, AND WORK MOTIVATION

Ananda Oktaviani (Tanri Abeng University)
Rizky Octavianda (Tanri Abeng University)
Agung Priyono (Tanri Abeng University)
Anandha Budiantoro (Tanri Abeng University)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 May 2026

Abstract

This study aims to examine the influence of supervisory leadership style, work discipline, and work motivation on the performance of outsourced employees at PT Pertamina Retail South Tangerang Area. A descriptive quantitative approach with a survey method was employed. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires distributed to 34 outsourced employees selected using simple random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, including validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression analysis. Hypothesis testing was performed using t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²). The findings reveal that supervisory leadership style, work discipline, and work motivation partially and simultaneously exert a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Work discipline emerged as the most dominant variable, with a Beta coefficient of 0.657. The R² value of 0.898 indicates that the three independent variables explain 89.8% of the variance in employee performance. These findings highlight the importance of effective leadership practices, consistent work discipline, and enhanced employee motivation in improving workforce performance and service quality within the increasingly competitive energy retail industry.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jml

Publisher

Subject

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Description

Journal of Management and Leadership (JML) is a scientific journal managed by a Management Study Program of TANRI ABENG UNIVERSITAS, and fully refereed journal with ISSN 2620 –9942 (Printed Version) ISSN 2621–2935(Online Version). This journal is freely distributed on the internet and mobile ...