International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)
Vol 17, No 2: June 2026

FPGA-based sustainable EV charging controller with dynamic pricing for smart cities

G. Sreeramulu Mahesh (GSSS Institute of Engineering and Technology for Women)
K. Hemachandra Reddy (Dayananda Sagar University)
H. Pushparaj (Global Academy of Technology)
G. Balagopal Reddy (Global Academy of Technology)
N. Bharathesh Patel (MRIT)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Jun 2026

Abstract

The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) poses significant challenges to the stability and efficiency of the power grid, particularly under dynamic electricity pricing and variable grid availability in smart cities. This paper presents a novel, low-latency, hardware-driven approach to smart EV charging control using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) Arty A7-100T. A customized finite state machine (FSM) evaluates the state of charge (SoC) and real-time pricing across multiple time slots. Based on this evaluation, it generates charge eligibility for each EV and transmits these decisions-along with the SoC and pricing data-via UART to an external Python interface. The received data is processed in Python and used to dynamically plot the SoC, pricing, and charging permission for each EV across time slots-providing a clear, intuitive visualization of decision-making based on energy economics. The distributed hardware-enabled paradigm minimizes delay as well as external dependency, thus offering improved responsiveness for the grid. The implementation is shown to represent a scalable solution for solving vital issue of demand side management for the evolving EV ecosystem for smart cities.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

IJPEDS

Publisher

Subject

Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Description

International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS, ISSN: 2088-8694, a SCOPUS indexed Journal) is the official publication of the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES). The scope of the journal includes all issues in the field of Power Electronics and drive systems. ...