Journal of Educational Sciences
Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Journal of Educational Sciences

The Development of an Interactive Digital Book: Enhancing Elementary Students’ Critical Thinking Skills in Pancasila and Civic Education

Yussy Efita Salamor (Elementary Education Department, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, 55281, Indonesia)
Wuri Wuryandani (Elementary Education Department, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, 55281, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
05 Jun 2026

Abstract

Civic Education (PPKn) learning at the elementary school level continues to face several challenges, particularly the low level of students’ critical thinking skills.This study aims to develop an interactive digital book for Civic Education learning to enhance students’ critical thinking skills. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model. Product development involved validation by subject-matter experts and media experts, resulting in a material validation score of 93.75% and a media validation score of 93.83%. The product was subsequently tested in the field and analyzed through comparisons of pre-test and post-test results between the experimental and control groups. The use of printed textbooks and PowerPoint presentations in the control class resulted in a pre-test score of 43.88 (low category) and a post-test score of 78.75 (high category). In contrast, the use of the interactive digital book in the experimental class produced a pre-test score of 61.00 (moderate category) and a post-test score of 90.56 (very high category). The findings indicate that the interactive digital book met the criteria of being highly feasible. The practical implications of this study suggest that interactive digital books can serve as innovative instructional materials that promote more engaging and interactive.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JES

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Education Library & Information Science Other

Description

JES publishes original articles on the latest issues and trends occurring regionally and internationally in the educational sciences with the aim to advance our knowledge both in term of theory and practice. Moreover, this journal also covers the issues concerned with the following special sections: ...