Journal of Educational Sciences
Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Journal of Educational Sciences

ChatGPT as Facilitator or Hindrance in Academic Writing: A Systematic Review and Practical Recommendations

Annisa Permata Islami (English Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru City 28293, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
05 Jun 2026

Abstract

In today’s world, ChatGPT as a large language model (LLM) has brought a significant impact in education, especially in academic writing skills for EFL (English as Foreign Language) learners. This study investigates the benefits and limitations of using ChatGPT in the context of EFL learners as well as provide recommendations for the stakeholders. A total of 22 scientific articles were systematically analyzed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines as the basis for systematic review and meta-analysis. The results presented four main benefits of using ChatGPT in academic writing, namely: (1) improved language and cognitive competence; (2) provision of personalized feedback; (3) increased efficiency of the writing process; and (4) enhanced confidence and self-efficacy. On the other hand, a number of limitations were also found, including: (1) risks to academic integrity; (2) low quality and reliability of information; (3) over-reliance on instant feedback; and (4) social, cultural, and technical challenges. In response to these findings, this study presents practical recommendations for students and teachers in the form of lesson designs that integrate ChatGPT with traditional teaching methods. Moreover, this paper also includes recommendations for decision-makers to maximize the potential of this technology in language education.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

JES

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Education Library & Information Science Other

Description

JES publishes original articles on the latest issues and trends occurring regionally and internationally in the educational sciences with the aim to advance our knowledge both in term of theory and practice. Moreover, this journal also covers the issues concerned with the following special sections: ...