Urban Land Use and Road Safety in a City Under Pressure: Spatial Evidence from Central Surabaya, Indonesia

Gusti Aditya Rahadyan (Departement of Urban and Regional Planning Department, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia)
Caesaryo Arif Wibowo (Departement of Urban and Regional Planning, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia)
Muhammad Fikri Nadhif (Department of Civil Infrastructure Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia)
Abdiyah Amudi (Departement of Urban and Regional Planning Department, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia)
Lynda Refnitasari (Departement of Urban and Regional Planning Department, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia)
Naimah Putri Kamila (Departement of Urban and Regional Planning Department, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia)
Amjad Muhammad (Departement of Urban and Regional Planning Department, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia)

Jurnal Penataan Ruang
Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Penataan Ruang 2026

Rapid urban development and increasing mobility demand have intensified road safety challenges in city centers. This study examines the relationship between urban land use and road safety in Central Surabaya, Indonesia, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). The analysis utilized 2023 land-use data and 351 traffic crash records from 2019–2023 obtained from the Integrated Road Safety Management System (IRSMS). The results reveal that traffic crashes are strongly concentrated within commercial and service corridors characterized by high activity intensity and accessibility. Major crash hotspots were identified in Dr. Soetomo, Embong Kaliasin, Keputran, and Genteng, while fatality hotspots were primarily concentrated in Dr. Soetomo and Embong Kaliasin. A total of 45 fatalities were recorded, and pedestrian-related crashes accounted for 11.4% of all incidents. The findings indicate that crash occurrence is closely associated with mobility conflicts, particularly at intersections, turning movements, and pedestrian crossing locations. The spatial overlap between commercial land uses and crash hotspots highlights the influence of urban activity concentration on road safety risks. The study emphasizes the need to integrate road safety considerations into land-use planning and sustainable mobility strategies to support safer and more inclusive urban environments.