Monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) was developed using an ESP32 microcontroller and the Blynk application. The system integrates temperature and humidity sensors (DHT22), a soil moisture sensor (YL-69), and a light sensor (LDR), transmitting real-time data to a smartphone. The test results indicate that the system accurately and reliably monitors indoor plant conditions. Therefore, this system supports ef icient and water-saving smart farming practices that can be easily implemented by urban farmers and communities.
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