Bikotetik (Bimbingan dan Konseling: Teori dan Praktik)
Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10 Number 1, May 2026

Development of Strategic Media Animation for Forgiveness Education (SMART-FORGIVE) to Foster an Attitude of Forgiveness Among High School Students

Pegi Wulida Ahsanti (Guidance and Counseling Study Program, Universitas Negeri Malang)
Khairul Bariyyah (Guidance and Counseling Study Program, Universitas Negeri Malang)
Henny Christine Mamahit (Leadership Studies Program, Dallas Baptist University)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 May 2026

Abstract

Forgiveness is an important emotional skill for adolescents in managing negative emotions and resolving interpersonal conflicts in an adaptive manner. This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of the Strategic Media Animation for Forgiveness Education (SMART-FORGIVE) program in fostering an attitude of forgiveness among high school students. The research approach used a Research and Development (R&D) design with 34 tenth-grade students from State High School 1 Malang as subjects. The instruments used in this study were the Enright Forgiveness Inventory (EFI) scale, as well as expert and prospective user evaluation forms. Data analysis included inter-rater agreement to assess product feasibility and a paired-sample t-test to evaluate effectiveness. The results indicate that the SMART-FORGIVE media achieved a very high level of feasibility in terms of accuracy, usefulness, appeal, and ease of use, based on the agreement scores from experts and prospective users. The effectiveness results showed a significant increase in students’ forgiveness scores between the pretest and posttest (Sig. <0.05). Thus, the SMART-FORGIVE medium is deemed suitable and effective for use as a classical guidance service strategy to develop forgiveness attitudes among high school students.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

jbk

Publisher

Subject

Humanities Education Other

Description

Bikotetik: This journal is for guidance and counseling practitioners (teacher, counselor, observer, etc), and academics. Access to unpaid journal (FREE) for both reader and author. Articles published for this journal may include research results, community service results in the area of Counseling ...