Bioassay-Guided and In Silico Identification of α-Amylase Inhibitors from Abelmoschus esculentus Fruit

Christina Astutiningsih (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi, Yayasan Pharmasi Semarang, Semarang, Central Java, 50193)
Syifaur Rohmah (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi, Yayasan Pharmasi Semarang, Semarang, Central Java, 50193)
Novy Dwi Susilowati (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi, Yayasan Pharmasi Semarang, Semarang, Central Java, 50193)

Indonesian Journal of Jamu
Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Inhibition of α-amylase is one therapeutic strategy for controlling postprandial blood glucose levels. This study aimed to identify active compounds responsible for α-amylase inhibitory activity in Abelmoschus esculentus fruit using a bioassay-guided and in silico approach. Methanol extract, fractions, and subfractions were evaluated in vitro for α-amylase inhibition. The most active subfraction was characterized by LC–MS and further analyzed by molecular docking and ADMET prediction. Subfraction 2 showed the strongest inhibitory activity, with 74.2634 ± 4.7091% inhibition. LC–MS identified nine compounds, four of which showed favorable binding affinity and interaction patterns with α-amylase: 2-hydroxy-7-methoxycadalene, N-E-coumaroyl tyramine, homovanillic acid, and quercetin. These findings suggest that A. esculentus fruit contains bioactive compounds with potential α-amylase inhibitory activity.