<![CDATA[The government prioritizes enhancing the Water Supply System (SPAM) to meet public needs, targeting clean water services 98.49% coverage in Tangerang Regency by 2031. To achieve this target, the strategy of Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum Tangerang Regency (PERUMDAM TKR) involves expanding transmission and distribution networks, potentially causing adverse environmental impacts. This study identifies variables influencing cost optimization through Green Infrastructure implementation in SPAM, focusing on the leading distribution pipeline network. A quantitative method using SEM-PLS analyzes questionnaire data from experts. Results indicate that green design affect cost performance with system energy design maturity being a significant indicator. A case study in Tangerang Regency employs Value Engineering (Sudiarsa, 2018) and Life Cycle Cost Analysis for investment cost optimization through Green Infrastructure. VE leads to a 9.91% cost increase, exceeding the 7% efficiency standard. LCCA shows project feasibility with NPV > 0 (Rp77,321,059,290.18), IRR of 27.73% (exceeding the 6.95% discount factor), and a 3.05-year payback period. Sensitivity analysis reveals that a 10% rise in total cost and a 40% fall in total revenue render the project unfeasible (NPV < 0).]]>
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