Legal and compliance risks are among the risks that can affect the sustainability and performance of organizations. Increasingly dynamic regulatory changes, business complexity, and growing demands for good governance require organizations to manage legal and compliance risks effectively. This study aimed to identify the causes, impacts, and mitigation strategies of legal and compliance risks through a literature review. The research employed a literature review method by analyzing scientific articles published within the last five years. The findings indicated that legal and compliance risks are influenced by various factors, including regulatory changes, weak internal control systems, limited understanding of legal requirements, and inadequate managerial oversight. These risks may result in administrative sanctions, financial losses, reputational damage, and decreased stakeholder trust. Furthermore, the review revealed that the implementation of integrated risk management, strengthened corporate governance, regular compliance audits, and the adoption of Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) frameworks are effective strategies for mitigating legal and compliance risks. This study is expected to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the importance of managing legal and compliance risks to support organizational sustainability.
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