The Development Of Social Studies Textbooks Based On Gosari Nature Tourism To Improve Students' Understanding Of Geographical Condition Theme And The Conservation Of Natural Resources

Durrotul Fahriyah (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Muhammad Ilyas Marzuqi

Jurnal Dialektika Pendidikan IPS
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): issue

Social Studies (IPS) learning in Phase D in Indonesia integrates the disciplines of geography, economics, sociology, and history. However, the broad scope of the material causes several themes, particularly those related to geographical conditions and natural resource conservation, to be presented in a general and less contextual manner. A preliminary study conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 11 Gosari indicated that students experienced difficulties in understanding the material in depth. Therefore, this study aims to develop a Social Studies textbook based on Gosari nature tourism that is valid, practical, and effective in improving students’ understanding. This study is a development research that modifies the SOI (Selecting, Organizing, Integrating) model proposed by Richard E. Mayer and is implemented using a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects include the management of Gosari nature tourism, a Social Studies learning expert, three Social Studies teachers, and eighth-grade students. Data were collected through observations, interviews, documentation, questionnaires, and objective tests. The feasibility test results indicated that the developed textbook was categorized as highly feasible, with an average score of 93% for students and 95% for teachers in the final validation stage, and demonstrated very high validity based on the Aiken’s V index. The practicality test by the social studies teacher obtained a percentage of (92%) with a very practical category. Furthermore, the effectiveness test using the Paired Samples T-test proves that there is a significant effect of the use of the textbook on students’ understanding. The N-Gain analysis shows a score of 0.7661 (high category), indicating a significant improvement in students’ abilities from the pretest to the posttest stage. Thus, the social studies textbook based on Gosari nature tourism is considered highly valid, highly practical, and highly effective, indicating a high level of effectiveness for use in social studies learning.