Developing and assessing the usability of a Visual Geometry Kit for orthogonal projection, plan and elevation

Nur Hamiza Adenan (Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris)
Muhammad Arif Azmi (Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris)
Nurhafizah Solihin (Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris)
Nor Suriya Abd Karim (Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris)
Siew Wei Tho (Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris)
Eza Hamni Mohamad (Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri Ampang)
Adib Mashuri (Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris)

Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn)
Vol 20, No 3: August 2026

This study aims to develop and evaluate the validity and usability of the Visual Geometry Kit (VGK) for the Form 3 topic of plans and elevations. Using the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) instructional model, this developmental research design (DRD) involved 3 experts for validation and 50 Form 3 students from a Kuala Lumpur school for usability testing. Data were analyzed using the content validity index (CVI) and descriptive statistics. Results show a CVI value of 1.00, indicating high validity and usability across constructs like usefulness, ease of use, ease of learning, and user satisfaction. The kit effectively supports students in understanding orthogonal projection, plans, and elevations of 2D and 3D shapes. It offers a practical teaching and learning alternative in mathematics, enhancing students’ visualization skills and benefiting teachers in explaining these concepts.