Soil fertility is a determining factor in agricultural productivity and sustainable land management. This study aims to: 1) analyze soil fertility status in various land uses in Dolokgede Village, Bojonegoro Regency; 2) evaluate the effect of land use on soil physical and chemical properties, and; 3) analyze the relationship between soil parameters as indicators of soil fertility. The study was conducted from May to December 2024. Observation points were determined based on Land Mapping Units (LMU) across three land uses (rice fields, drylands, and forests), where a total of 24 composite soil samples were collected at a depth of 0–20 cm. The samples were analyzed for pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (BS), organic C, total N, available P, exchangeable cations (K, Ca, Mg, Na), texture, bulk density, particle density, and porosity. Soil fertility status was classified and mapped using ArcGIS. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level, correlation, and regression. The results showed that total N was low (0.11–0.19%) in all land uses. Available P was very high in rice fields (59.31 ppm) due to intensive fertilization, but moderate in drylands and forests. Exchangeable K and organic C were low, while CEC and BS were very high in all land uses. Land use had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on available P and exchangeable Ca, Na, and Mg, but had no effect on other parameters, including all soil physical properties. An increase in organic C was strongly associated with total N (R² = 0.62), whereas high BS was associated with increased available P (R² = 0.99). Soil fertility status at the study site was determined by chemical factors and fertilizer management rather than changes in physical properties due to land use change. The implications of these findings for sustainable land management include organic matter management and balanced fertilizer use as measures to prevent soil degradation.
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