Journal of Business Management and Islamic Banking
Vol.5 No.1 (2026)

Cognitive Roots of Customer Engagement: Sentiment-Driven Decision Dynamics in Social Media Marketing of Indonesian SMEs

Zia Ul Rehman Zafar (Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta)
Ahmad Hassan (Faculty of Economics & Management, Odisee University of Applied Science, Belgium)
Ahad Sultan (Department of Computer Science, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan)
Khasif Ali Abdul Wahid Alias (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
25 Jun 2026

Abstract

Purpose—This study addresses the growing disconnect between high social media engagement and actionable decision-making outcomes among Indonesian SMEs. While firms generate large volumes of interaction data, they often lack the analytical frameworks to interpret customer behavior.  Design/methodology/approach—To address this issue, the study proposes a cognitive-behavioral model integrating natural language processing (NLP)-based sentiment analysis with engagement metrics.  Findings—Using a dataset of 195,513 social media interactions, regression results indicate that sentiment significantly influences engagement (β = 0.43, p < 0.01), while engagement strongly predicts decision outcomes (β = 0.51, p < 0.01). Mediation analysis confirms that engagement partially transmits the effect of sentiment (indirect effect = 0.22).  Research implication/limitation—The findings demonstrate that sentiment-driven engagement serves as a critical mechanism linking digital interactions to behavioral outcomes, offering a data-driven foundation for adaptive marketing strategies in SMEs. Originality/value—The novelty lies in conceptualizing engagement as an observable decision-making process rooted in cognitive sentiment dynamics.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JBMIB

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education

Description

Journal of Business Management and Islamic Banking (JBMIB) is an international journal which is published by the Department of Islamic Banking, Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga. This journal is designed to provide a forum for ...