Hydroxyapatite/Magnetite Nanocomposite Derived from Tuna Fishbone and Iron Sand as Adsorbent for Lead Ions Removing

Akhiruddin Maddu (IPB University)
Avia Sefrianty Hidayat (Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Indonesia)
Muhammad Farhan (Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Indonesia)
Zulfa Aulia Rahma (Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Indonesia)

Time in Physics: Journal for Theoretical, Instrumentation, Material-Molecular, and Education Physics
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): March

This study presents the effectiveness of lead (Pb) ion removal utilizing hydroxyapatite/magnetite (Fe3O4) nanocomposite as adsorbent. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was derived from tuna fishbone waste by using ultrasonochemical treatment in NaOH solution, while magnetite (Fe3O4) was derived from iron sand by acid hydrolysis. The XRD analysis results confirmed that the hydroxyapatite and magnetite phases have been formed in each sample. The SEM image of the hydroxyapatite sample showed a rod-shaped morphology that is not uniform, whereas obtained magnetite showed the agglomerated spherical morphology. Functional groups of HAp and Fe3O4 was identified using FTIR spectroscopy. The effectiveness of hydroxyapatite/magnetite nanocomposite-based adsorbents used lead (Pb) metal ion in water as pollutant model. The hydroxyapatite/magnetite nanocomposite adsorbent with a mass ratio of 1:1 (HAp:Fe3O4) showed better performance in removing lead metal ions from water. The adsorption efficiency of adsorbent for composition 1:1 (HAp:Fe3O4) up to 36,7%, while for composition 2:1 (HA:Fe3O4) just 30,4% for 25 minutes treatment. On the other hand, the adsorption capacity of adsorbent for composition 1:1 (HAp:Fe3O4) up to 51,4 mg/g, while for composition 2:1 (HAp:Fe3O4) just 44,6 mg/g for 25 minutes treatment.