International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research
Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)

Validation of a Sensor-Based Digital Anthropometer for Standing Height: Accuracy, Reliability, and Time Efficiency

Lukman Handoko (Occupational Safety and Health, Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)
Indri Santiasi (Applied Master of Safety and Risk Engineering, Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)
Didik Sukoco (Automation Engineering, Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)
Muhammad Rofiful Fathoni (Occupational Safety and Health, Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
03 Jun 2026

Abstract

Accurate standing-height measurement is fundamental to ergonomic assessment, informing workstation design, equipment fit, and occupational health surveillance. Manual Anthropometer, while considered a reference standard, is susceptible to operator-dependent variability, transcription errors, and procedural inefficiency. This study aimed to design, develop, and rigorously validate a sensor-based digital standing-height measurement system by comparing its performance against a calibrated manual anthropometer. A randomized crossover experimental design was employed with 50 healthy adult participants. Primary outcomes included measurement agreement assessed via Bland-Altman analysis (95% Limits of Agreement threshold: ±0.5 cm), test-retest reliability evaluated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC 2,1), time efficiency, and user acceptance. Bland-Altman analysis revealed a negligible mean bias of [-0.1] cm with 95% LoA ranging from [-0.8] cm to [0.6] cm, confirming non-inferior accuracy. The digital system demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.90), surpassing that of the manual method (ICC = 0.75). Measurement time was reduced by 64.7% (p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 33.50). Ninety percent of participants preferred the digital system. The sensor-based digital anthropometer provides a valid, reliable, and highly efficient alternative to manual standing-height measurement, supporting its potential application in occupational health surveillance and ergonomic assessment.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ijmeir

Publisher

Subject

Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics Transportation

Description

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