<![CDATA[Osteosarcoma is the most common type of cancer that occurs in bone, originating from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells characterized by osteoid production from neoplastic cells. The incidence is higher in adolescence, and the male-to-female ratio is 1.4:1. Osteosarcoma can affect any bone, but most commonly affects distal long bones near the metaphyseal growth plate, especially within the medullary cavity and involves the bone cortex. The underlying cause of osteosarcoma is unknown, but many risk factors have been identified. Genetic mutations and environmental factors are also strong contributors to osteosarcoma. Symptoms may generally appear weeks or months after the illness. Radiologic examination is the initial diagnostic obtained when a potential bone mass is identified on physical examination. Osteosarcoma may appear in various ways on X-ray, but common findings include sunburst and Codman triangle. Management of osteosarcoma involves a multidisciplinary approach consisting of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, as well as targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The prognosis of osteosarcoma is highly dependent on several factors, including tumor location, size, presence of metastases, and response to therapy. ]]>
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