Varied Knowledge Journal
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, August 2026 - In Press

Pengembangan Komik Digital Berbasis Segitiga Restitusi untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bernalar Kritis dan Karakter Mandiri Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Ni Wayan Asri Udayani (Program Studi Pendidikan Dasar, Universitas Mataram, Indonesia)
Sukardi Sukardi (Program Studi Pendidikan, Universitas Mataram, Indonesia)
Moh Irawan Zain (Program Studi Pendidikan Dasar, Universitas Mataram, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
19 Jul 2026

Abstract

This study was motivated by the need to develop innovative instructional media that integrate character education with digital technology at the elementary school level. A digital comic based on the Restitution Triangle was designed to address students' limited critical reasoning skills and low learning autonomy, which often rely on external control. By presenting reflective restitution-based scenarios, the media encourages students to evaluate their actions and develop intrinsic motivation for learning. This study aimed to develop a digital comic that meets the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving the critical reasoning skills and independent character of fifth-grade students at SDN 4 Terara. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Data were collected through expert validation, user response questionnaires, and field testing using a pretest-posttest control group design. The findings indicate that the developed media is highly valid, highly practical, and significantly effective in enhancing students' critical reasoning and independence, as confirmed by the t-test results (p = 0.001 < 0.05). Therefore, the Restitution Triangle-based digital comic is a feasible and effective instructional medium for fostering the Pancasila Student Profile through a reflective positive discipline approach.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

vkj

Publisher

Subject

Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

Description

Varied Knowledge Journal (VKJ) is a multidisciplinary journal publish 4 issues a year with online version of E-ISSN 3026-5371 and can be accessed openly. This journal is a peer reviewed, open access, scientific and scholarly journal which publishes research papers, review papers, case reports, case ...