Preeclampsia as a Risk Factor for Low Birth Weight: A Case-Control Study at Drs. H. Amri Tambunan Hospital

Aidil Akbar (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara)
Desi Aprilia Hasibuan (Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara)
Utari Purnama (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara)
Nurcahaya Sinaga (Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara)

Buletin Farmatera
Vol 10, No 3 (2025)

Abstract: Preeclampsia is one of the complications of pregnancy that can disrupt blood flow to the placenta so that the intake of nutrients to the fetus is disrupted and at risk of causing low birth weight (LBW). This study aims to determine the relationship between preeclampsia and the incidence of LBW at Drs. H. Amri Tambunan Hospital. Observational analytical research type with a case-control design. The sample totalled 176 postpartum patients for the period July 2021-August 2024, which were taken using consecutive sampling. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test with SPSS. The results of this study were 88 cases of preeclampsia and 88 cases of non-preeclampsia. In the preeclampsia group, 72 infants (81.8%) had LBW and 16 infants (18.2%) did not have LBW. In the non-preeclampsia group, 11 infants (12.5%) experienced LBW, and 77 infants (87.5%) did not have LBW. The results of the chi-square test showed a value of p=0.000 (p0.05). There is a significant relationship between preeclampsia and the incidence of LBW at Drs. H. Amri Tambunan Hospital.