<![CDATA[Limited agricultural land, increasing food demand and pressure on water resources require the development of efficient and sustainable food production systems. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a smart aquaponic system based on the Internet of Things (IOT) integrated with bio-mechanical filtration using the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) in maintaining water quality stability and improving productivity. The main problem addressed is how the integration of IOT and biofiltration affects ecosystem balance and the growth performance of fish and plants. An experimental method was applied using three configurations: NFT 1 (100 fish with bio-mechanical filtration), NFT 2 (50 fish with bio-mechanical filtration), and NFT 3 (50 fish with mechanical filtration only). The system utilized sensors for pH, temperature, TDS, and water level, connected to a real-time monitoring platform. The results show that systems with biofiltration maintained stable pH levels between 6.0–6.8 and controlled TDS, while the system without biofiltration exhibited significant fluctuations. The highest growth was observed in NFT 1, with plant height reaching 28.5 cm and fish weight 50.3 g. IOT integration improved system responsiveness and operational efficiency. Therefore, the developed system demonstrates strong potential as an adaptive and efficient solution for sustainable food production to support food security.]]>
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