<![CDATA[Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major health problem in Indonesia, with significant challenges in treatment adherence. The use of the Health Belief Model (HBM) can help explain factors influencing patient adherence to therapy. This study used a cross-sectional analytical design and was conducted at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from July to August 2025. The sample consisted of 36 MDR-TB patients on an 18-month regimen, selected using simple random sampling. The dependent variable was medication adherence, while the independent variables included perceptions of susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The research instrument was an HBM-based questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using linear regression. Multivariate analysis showed that perceived barriers significantly influenced treatment adherence (b = –0.15; 95% CI = –0.29 to –0.01; p = 0.041). Meanwhile, cues to action influenced treatment adherence, but were not statistically significant (b=0.04; 95% CI=-0.01 to 0.10; p=0.102). The regression model explained 18.9% of the variation in adherence. Perceived barriers have been shown to influence adherence in MDR-TB patients. Intervention efforts are needed to reduce perceived barriers in order to improve treatment adherence.]]>
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