This commentary examines the rise of DeepSeek and the transformation of generative artificial intelligence competition from a technological race into a platform ecosystem competition. Using platform ecosystem theories, including network effects, innovation platforms, API strategies, ecosystem governance and value co-creation, this article analyzes how AI companies create competitive advantages by enabling collaboration between developers, businesses and users. The discussion highlights that long - term success in artificial intelligence depends not only on technological capabilities but also on the ability to orchestrate sustainable and trusted digital ecosystems.
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