Tinjauan Literatur: Keanekaragaman Jenis Flora pada Berbagai Ekosistem Hutan Tropis di Pulau Kalimantan: Literature Review: Flora Diversity in Various Tropical Forest Ecosystem On The Island Of Kalimantan

Juliyanti (UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten)
Taqiyaturrohmah
Salsa Nabila Ramadhani

BiosciED: Journal of Biological Science and Education
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): BiosciED December 2025

Kalimantan Island exhibits high plant diversity across various tropical forest ecosystems. This study aims to review previous research on plant species diversity in lowland rainforests, secondary forests, peat and swamp forests, and arboretums across Kalimantan. The method applied was a literature review of eleven national scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025. The results reveal a high diversity dominated by the families Dipterocarpaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, and Moraceae. Environmental factors such as humidity, light intensity, and soil conditions affect species distribution. Major threats include deforestation and habitat degradation; therefore, conservation efforts through arboretum establishment, phytochemical studies, and biodiversity-based education and ecotourism are essential to ensure sustainability.