Efektivitas Brisk Walking Exercise 150 Menit Per Minggu Terhadap Perubahan Tingkat Stres Pada Penderita Hipertensi: Studi Quasi-Eksperimental dengan Repeated Measures

Teguh Wiradharma (Magister Keperawatan, Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Andalas)
Reni Prima Gusty (Departemen Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Andalas)
Esi Afriyanti (Departemen Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Andalas)

Manuju : Malahayati Nursing Journal
Vol 8, No 8 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 8 (2026)

ABSTRACT Hypertension is a major global health burden affecting more than 1.56 billion adults worldwide and contributing to approximately 10.44 million deaths annually. Psychological stress is a frequently overlooked yet clinically significant dimension of hypertension management, as uncontrolled stress activates the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to persistent increases in cortisol and catecholamines that worsen blood pressure control. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of brisk walking exercise at 150 minutes per week on changes in stress levels among hypertensive patients at the Puskesmas Belimbing, Padang City. A quasi-experimental design with repeated measures and a control group was employed over four weeks from March to May 2026. A total of 64 respondents were selected through randomized sampling, comprising an intervention group (n=32) and a control group (n=32). The intervention group received brisk walking exercise for 30 minutes, five days per week (totaling 150 minutes per week), at a speed of 4–6 km/h. Stress levels were measured five times using the validated Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10; Cronbach's α=0.847). Data were analyzed using General Linear Model-Repeated Measures (GLM-RM) with Greenhouse-Geisser correction and Pairwise Comparison (Bonferroni). Results showed a significant and progressive reduction in the intervention group's stress scores from baseline (mean=20.25; moderate stress) to week four (mean=5.23; mild stress), representing a total decline of 15.02 points compared to only 4.01 points in the control group. Between-group comparison confirmed a statistically significant difference (mean difference=−5.245; p=0.000). It is concluded that brisk walking exercise of 150 minutes per week is effective in reducing stress levels among hypertensive patients and is recommended as an evidence-based non-pharmacological nursing intervention in primary healthcare settings. Keywords: Brisk Walking Exercise, Hypertension, Perceived Stress Scale, Repeated Measures, Stress Level.  ABSTRAK Hipertensi merupakan beban kesehatan global utama yang memengaruhi lebih dari 1,56 miliar orang dewasa di seluruh dunia dan berkontribusi pada sekitar 10,44 juta kematian per tahun. Stres psikologis merupakan dimensi yang kerap terabaikan namun memiliki signifikansi klinis penting dalam pengelolaan hipertensi, karena stres yang tidak terkendali mengaktivasi sistem saraf simpatis dan aksis hipotalamus-pituitari-adrenal (HPA), sehingga mengakibatkan peningkatan menetap kadar kortisol dan katekolamin yang memperburuk kontrol tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas brisk walking exercise 150 menit per minggu terhadap perubahan tingkat stres pada penderita hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Belimbing Kota Padang. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi-eksperimental dengan repeated measures dan kelompok kontrol, dilaksanakan selama empat minggu pada bulan Maret–Mei 2026. Sebanyak 64 responden dipilih melalui randomized sampling, terdiri dari kelompok intervensi (n=32) dan kelompok kontrol (n=32). Kelompok intervensi menerima brisk walking exercise 30 menit sebanyak lima kali per minggu (total 150 menit per minggu) dengan kecepatan 4–6 km/jam. Tingkat stres diukur sebanyak lima kali menggunakan Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) yang telah tervalidasi (Cronbach's α=0,847). Analisis data menggunakan General Linear Model-Repeated Measures (GLM-RM) dengan koreksi Greenhouse-Geisser dan uji Pairwise Comparison (Bonferroni). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan skor stres yang signifikan dan progresif pada kelompok intervensi dari baseline (mean=20,25; stres sedang) hingga minggu keempat (mean=5,23; stres ringan), dengan total penurunan 15,02 poin dibandingkan hanya 4,01 poin pada kelompok kontrol. Perbandingan antara kelompok mengonfirmasi perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik (mean difference=−5,245; p=0,000). Disimpulkan bahwa brisk walking exercise 150 menit per minggu efektif menurunkan tingkat stres pada penderita hipertensi dan direkomendasikan sebagai intervensi nonfarmakologis berbasis bukti dalam asuhan keperawatan di layanan kesehatan primer. Kata Kunci: Brisk Walking Exercise, Hipertensi, Perceived Stress Scale, Repeated Measures, Tingkat Stres.